Unlike dogs, most cats are roughly the same basic size and shape. However, there are significant differences, which are important considerations in choosing the right type of cat for you. Asking yourself the following questions may help you in selecting a cat. Always keep in mind the needs of the cat, which include making sure the cat fits into the environment you will be able to provide.
What Lifestyle Do You Want to Have?
Some breeds of cats are known for their laid-back attitude, including Persians and Ragdolls. Most cats of these breeds are perfectly content to sit and watch the world go by (or revolve around them). If you want a cat who will be content being with you while you sit and read a book or watch TV, these breeds would be good choices, although, of course, there are always individual variations. On the other hand, Siamese and Abyssinian cats have a higher activity level. They prefer to be with you wherever you are, joining in every activity, and even going on walks or hikes. It will take you longer to make the bed, fold the laundry and type on the computer as the cat tries to 'help' you out.
How Much Time Can You Devote to Grooming?
Some owners enjoy spending a considerable amount of time to keep their pet looking their best, while others consider it a burdensome chore. All cats should be regularly groomed, but the definition of the word "regular" can mean different things depending upon the coat type. The coats of most cats with longer hair become more easily matted and require more frequent brushing, and sometimes bathing. When long-haired cats shed, it takes more time to keep your clothes and furniture free from hair. Hairballs can be more of a problem too, especially if you do not groom your cat enough. Cats of the Sphynx breed have only short, fine hair on the body, and require regular bathing or toweling off to remove the excess natural oils from the skin.
Do You Have Children or Other Pets?
Individual cats vary as to how well they interact with children and other pets. Kittens who were exposed to children and other animals at a few weeks of age will be better suited to living in a household with children and other pets. Some breeds that have a tendency to do better with children and are more accepting of other pets include the Domestic Shorthair, Exotic Shorthair, Maine Coon, Persian, Turkish Van, Ragdoll, American Curl, Himalayan, and Manx. Remember that these are generalities and do not predict the personality of a specific cat.
Is the Sex of the Cat Important to You?
Some people prefer a female or a male cat. For some breeds of cats, such as the Norwegian Forest Cat, there is a considerable size difference between the sexes, with the males being up to three times as large. If you want a calico cat, you will, in virtually all cases, be getting a female. If you already have a cat that is spayed or neutered, it is sometimes best to try to get a cat of the opposite sex.
Various behaviors are more common depending upon the sex of the cat. Unneutered male cats are much more likely to have behavioral problems such as urine spraying, and all male cats are at an increased risk of developing a urethral obstruction or blockage, which is a life-threatening emergency. Unspayed female cats who vocalize excessively and have other behaviors when they come into heat can frustrate many owners. We strongly encourage pet owners to have their cats spayed or neutered for these and many other reasons, including the prevention of various diseases and cancers.
Does the Age of the Cat Matter to You?
There are disadvantages in starting out with a kitten versus an adult cat. It is always more difficult to determine the ultimate personality of any cat when they are evaluated during their first few weeks of life. For example, a nine-week-old kitten is approximately the equivalent of a two year old in human terms. Who can predict what the personality of a child will be during the "terrible twos?"
Many experienced cat owners remind us that this is a double-edged sword. While it is not possible to precisely predict the future personality of a kitten, by starting with a cat of this age, you can make a greater impact on their development and ultimate behavior. Cats are just like people in that many traits of their personalities are a result of their genetic background. However, they are also a product of their surroundings. A kitten that finds themself in a loving home where they can interact with people during play, grooming and at other times will probably turn out much differently than a littermate that was kept as an outdoor cat and only fed on occasion. By choosing a kitten, you have the potential to have a much greater impact on their personality development than if you start with an adult cat.
Selecting a kitten versus an adult typically means a much higher demand on your time. Kittens have to grow through some less-than-delightful phases, such as climbing drapes, knocking over knick-knacks, and entering every open door or cabinet. They also require more trips to the veterinarian for vaccinations and dewormings, additional expenses for spaying or neutering, and so on. To many, kittenhood is the best part and they love the involvement, while other potential owners simply struggle to find the extra time and energy.
In addition to the time commitment necessary for a younger cat, many soon-to-be cat owners take into account the fact that cats are now living to their mid-teens, with some even living into their twenties. Taking care of a cat for their lifetime is a long-term commitment. Some elderly people and those with plans for major lifestyle changes in a decade or so, may prefer adopting an older cat.
Do Want a Purebred or a Crossbred Cat?
Should your new cat be a purebred or a crossbred? For some, a particular breed is the only cat that comes to mind, whereas others immediately jump to a Domestic Shorthair from a shelter. Before selecting from the over 40 currently listed and officially recognized cat breeds, understand the differences, and pros and cons of owning a purebred versus a crossbred.
If you are seeking a cat with a specific appearance, it is probably best to choose a purebred that has been selectively bred with appearance in mind. For instance, someone who wants a large cat with longer hair may want to consider a Maine Coon or Norwegian Forest cat. If you want a cat that is very vocal and talks back to you, a Siamese cat would fit the bill.
The complicating factor with purebred cats is that many man-made alterations in their basic conformation, color or coat length have brought along some disadvantages. Whenever breeders select for one trait, they may unknowingly select for many others. For instance, Persians, with their very short noses, may have difficulty breathing. Tail-less Manx cats have a much higher risk of spinal problems and weak hindquarters.
When considering your choice between a purebred and a crossbred, do not forget the cost. Purebred kittens have been known to cost $300 to $5,000 depending on the particular lines and breed. The run of the mill Domestic Shorthairs are often free or have a nominal adoption fee.
It is important to thorough research before bringing a cat home, as this cat will hopefully be a part of your life for many, many years. Read about specific cats breeds listed by the Cat Fanciers’ Association or The International Cat Association, and discuss any concerns with your veterinarian. The best choices are informed choices.