A collar should be introduced to your puppy right away. Many pups initially scratch at it or shake their head. Do not be alarmed if your pup does either of these behaviors. He simply is not used to the sensation of the collar being around his neck and this is why he is reacting the way he is. Though he may resist wearing a collar at first, soon he will not even notice it is on.
How to Pick the Right Collar for Your Puppy
There are four basic types of collars: buckle collars, halter collars, choke collars and prong collars. Buckle collars are the only collars recommended for puppies younger than four months of age and the only collar that is safe to leave on any dog while unsupervised. Halter-type collars give you much more control, especially if your pup pulls ahead while walking, and are less likely to irritate or damage the throat and neck area. Choke and prong collars are not recommended due to the possibility of causing pain or injury to the dog's neck and throat area.
Once you have chosen a collar, start by having your pup wear it for short periods of time. Use positive reinforcement and treats to encourage him to accept the collar. Leave it on for only a few minutes the first time, then remove it. Repeat this many times each day. Each time you have him wear the collar, leave it on for a little longer. After a few days to a week, he should be able to wear the collar for an extended period of time or even all day. Just remember to stay calm and patient, ignore any scratching at the collar or head shaking your pup may do.
Introducing Your Puppy to Her Leash
Your puppy will accept a lead (leash) much more readily if you introduce it gradually. Under your supervision, begin by letting your puppy drag the lead around the yard to get him used to the feel of minor pressure on his neck. As he walks around, follow him, then gently pick up the lead and walk with him. Keep the lead held high and speak in a friendly, encouraging manner as you walk.
Do Not Give Verbal Commands
At this early stage, do not look for the disciplined precision of a formal heel. Your goal is simply to get your pup comfortable with the leash and to walk with you without resistance. If he starts to pull out in front, gently reverse your direction and make a noise to distract your pup. No verbal commands should be used during this introduction. You are simply helping your puppy become accustomed to the weight and feel of the lead.
Taking the time to properly introduce your puppy to the collar and lead sets the stage for teaching your puppy the basic elements of obedience. The goal is to have your puppy accept a collar and lead calmly, without resisting.
Skip Heavy Hardware
For puppies, collars and leads with lighter hardware (buckles, snaps, and rings) are best. When grown, you can replace with heavy-duty hardware if appropriate for your breed. Be sure to check your puppy's collar size frequently and loosen it as your puppy's neck grows.
These tips should help you introduce your pup to his first collar and lead. Before you know it, he will be ready for his first obedience lesson!
Article by: Race Foster, DVM and Angela Walter, DVM